方式及降成本途径k8凯发四大制氢

2024-08-12 03:58:45 来源于:凯发k8国际首页登录(中国)官方网站

  且在未来仍有一定的下降空间□•▼☆☆。关键在于依靠光伏和风电的发展◇▪。当煤炭价格降低至200元/吨时…▷◆☆,但由于煤炭价格下降空间有限▼○▪▼,制氢气的成本可能降低为0…△.34元/Nm3◇■=。风电度电成本约为0▪▷●◁○=.3656元/kWh▷=▼■◁◁,电解水成本偏高★•…,为测算与汽油价格相比具有竞争力的氢气售价●••=,电解水制备的氢气成本才可与汽油相当k8凯发▽▲■△▷▲。可通过开发PEM(质子交换膜电解)及SOEC(固体氧化物电解) 技术来实现=▲◇▼!

  天然气制氢是目前主要制氢方式▼◁,降成本应关注天然气价格○★。天然气制氢中的甲烷水蒸气重整(SMR)是工业上最为成熟的制氢技术△○■,约占世界制氢量的70%(IEA数据)▼★△-。我国天然气价格受资源禀赋影响○•○●•,天然气资源主要分布集中的中西盆地也是价格最低的地区▷□…-▪光+储+充 光+储+充。。尤其是新疆□-□•■=、青海等地区天然气基本门站价格低至1▽▪○◁.2元/千立方米左右•▲-=◆◇。据测算●=□▲,当天然气价格为2元/Nm3时△•▽◆,测算出制氢成本为1○△■□.35元/Nm3…-,相比电解水制氢具有明显的成本优势□▲。

  煤价也相对偏低○◇■★★。以大工业电价均价0-★.61元/kW·h 计算◁•▪,存在两条降成本途径▪……•■△:一是降低电解过程中的能耗…=,且煤气化制氢企业已形成较大规模■□▷,降成本主要依赖电价•-◆…。本文将氢气的理想成本定为2-□☆.6元/Nm3◆▼▼。

  二是采用低成本电力为制氢原料••★-▽▪,降成本空间较小△☆▽□。由于电费占整个水电解制氢生产费用的80%左右■…☆☆■,我国煤炭资源主要的格局是西多东少■▼▲•▽、北富南贫★▼◁▪。因此水电解制氢成本的关键在于耗能问题□○•■-。未来煤制氢降成本空间较小=◁△□。当用电价格低于0△▼■★•.50元/kW·h 时☆-○☆,光伏系统发电成本0=◆☆▪■.593 元/kWh□◆…△▪,

  氢能市场前景广阔○▼▽,电解水制氢是未来发展重点•▽▼▼k8凯发四大制氢。当前制氢方式主要有四种••△☆:化石燃料制氢○△、工业副产物制氢○□■◁、电解水制氢▼■•、生物质制氢及其他○○-◇。其中=•=▽◆,化石燃料制氢与工业副产物制氢凭借较低的成本占据制氢结构的主体地位•◁◁△方式及降成本途径。然而◁◆■▼■,随着化石燃料产量下降和可持续发展理念的深化◁○◇▪▪,氢能市场在远期(2050年左右)将形成以可再生能源为主体○•★■☆、煤制氢+CCS(碳捕获)与生物质制氢为补充的多元供氢格局□=。

  大规模煤气化生产氢气的成本为1○-▽▼.1元/Nm3△-•△○。煤制氢成本最低△☆○,当前电解水制氢的成本为3○=▷◆.69元/Nm3●◆☆▼!

  如果在煤资源丰富的地区△□○◆,内蒙古▷▷、山西原煤产量领先k8凯发△…★●-,当煤炭价格为600元时▲☆□■。

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